Question 1

In May 2026, Iraq and Iran agreed on coordinated measures to strengthen border security and prevent the movement of armed or terrorist groups. Which specific region within Iraq was highlighted as a concern regarding the activities of certain Iranian armed groups?

Accepted Answer

Iraqi Kurdistan

Question 2

Which nation, brokered by China, agreed in March 2023 to reestablish diplomatic ties with Iran, ending a significant period of estrangement?

Accepted Answer

Saudi Arabia

Question 3

The maritime border dispute between Israel and Lebanon, concerning offshore gas fields, was resolved in October 2022. Who was the primary American diplomat responsible for mediating this agreement?

Accepted Answer

Amos Hochstein

Question 4

In May 2023, Syria was readmitted to the Arab League after a twelve-year suspension. Which of the following countries were among the most reluctant to re-establish diplomatic relations with Syria following its readmission?

Accepted Answer

Qatar and Kuwait

Question 5

In April 2026, Turkey and Syria discussed bilateral relations and regional issues on the sidelines of the Antalya Diplomacy Forum. Who was the Syrian counterpart of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan at this forum?

Accepted Answer

Ahmad al-Sharaa

Question 6

As of early 2026, Iran and Iraq's shared border is described as being highly secured and stable, with no significant security-related problems. What is the approximate length of this shared border?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 1,609 kilometers

Question 7

In April 2024, Jordan, in coordination with the United States, played a role in defending Israel against a large-scale aerial attack. Which country, along with its proxies, launched this attack?

Accepted Answer

Iran

Question 8

Egypt and Israel have maintained a peace treaty for over four decades. Which significant event in late 2023 and early 2026 strained their relationship, despite continued security and economic cooperation?

Accepted Answer

Israel's military presence in the Philadelphi Corridor

Question 9

Oman has historically served as a mediator in the region, maintaining relations with various powers. During the period of heightened tensions in mid-2026, which major power exerted significant pressure on Oman to cut ties with Iran?

Accepted Answer

United States

Question 10

In March 2023, after discussions brokered by China, Iran and Saudi Arabia agreed to reestablish relations. In October 2024, which Middle Eastern capital city hosted a meeting between the Iranian President and the Saudi Foreign Minister to discuss bilateral ties?

Accepted Answer

Doha, Qatar

Question 11

In May 2023, Syria was readmitted to the Arab League. What were cited as two of the main practical considerations driving this decision, alongside other regional security concerns?

Accepted Answer

Captagon trafficking and the Syrian refugee crisis

Question 12

As of early 2026, the maritime border dispute between Israel and Lebanon over the Qana and Karish gas fields was resolved in October 2022. What was the duration of this territorial dispute?

Accepted Answer

From 2010 until 2022

Question 13

In April 2026, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan met with his Syrian counterpart Ahmad al-Sharaa at the Antalya Diplomacy Forum. What key areas did Erdogan urge for expanded cooperation between Ankara and Damascus?

Accepted Answer

Defense, security, trade, energy, and transportation

Question 14

In May 2026, Iraq and Iran agreed on joint border security measures. Which specific security threat did they aim to curb along their shared border?

Accepted Answer

Movement of armed or terrorist groups

Question 15

In October 2024, Saudi Arabia and Iran made efforts to improve their relations. Which country's capital hosted the meeting between the Iranian President and Saudi Arabia's Foreign Minister?

Accepted Answer

Qatar

Question 16

In April 2024, Jordan, along with the United States and France, assisted in intercepting aerial threats launched at Israel. Which country was identified as the source of these missiles and drones?

Accepted Answer

Iran

Question 17

In May 2023, Syria was readmitted to the Arab League. Which two countries were noted as pushing the hardest for this rapprochement?

Accepted Answer

Qatar and Kuwait

Question 18

In May 2026, Iran and Iraq held a meeting of their Joint Higher Security Committee. What was a key focus of this meeting regarding groups operating in the Kurdistan Region?

Accepted Answer

Controlling the activities of Iranian Kurdish opposition parties

Question 19

In October 2022, the maritime border dispute between Israel and Lebanon was resolved through an agreement guaranteed by which country?

Accepted Answer

United States

Question 20

In May 2026, Iraq and Iran agreed to intensify security measures along their border. What did Baghdad reaffirm its commitment to regarding its territory?

Accepted Answer

Not allowing its territory to be used for hostile actions against neighboring states

Middle East Diplomacy: Key Alliances, Border Security, and Regional Tensions Explored

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