Question 1

Who observed the bacterial-killing effects of penicillin in 1928?

Accepted Answer

Sir Alexander Fleming

Question 2

What year did large-scale production of penicillin start?

Accepted Answer

1945

Question 3

Which term describes antibiotics that kill microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

-cid

Question 4

What does CMI stand for in relation to antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Concentrația Minimă Inhibitorie

Question 5

What is the minimum concentration of an antibiotic that kills 99.9% of bacteria called?

Accepted Answer

CMB

Question 6

What is a likely outcome if bacteria are resistant to an antibiotic?

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic failure

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an ideal property of an antibiotic regarding its pharmacological aspects?

Accepted Answer

Favoring the development of secondary resistance

Question 8

Antibiotics that act only on Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, or BAAR are classified as having a:

Accepted Answer

Narrow spectrum

Question 9

Which class of antibiotics inhibits cell wall synthesis by targeting peptidoglycan synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Beta-lactams

Question 10

Which is a common mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of beta-lactamases

Question 11

Penicillin G is a biosynthetic penicillin administered parenterally. What is its spectrum of activity?

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive cocci, Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-negative cocci, spirochetes

Question 12

Which type of semisynthetic penicillin is resistant to staphylococcal penicillinase?

Accepted Answer

Penicillin M

Question 13

Ampicillin and amoxicillin belong to which group of semisynthetic penicillins?

Accepted Answer

Penicillin A (Aminopenicillins)

Question 14

Which generation of cephalosporins includes representatives like cefotaxime and ceftriaxone?

Accepted Answer

Generation 3 (C3G)

Question 15

Which generation of cephalosporins has activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci?

Accepted Answer

Generation 4

Question 16

Ceftaroline and ceftobiprol are representatives of which generation of cephalosporins, known for activity against MRSA?

Accepted Answer

Generation 5

Question 17

What is the primary representative of Monobactam antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Aztreonam

Question 18

Which carbapenem is inactive against Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter?

Accepted Answer

Ertapenem

Question 19

What is the function of beta-lactamase inhibitors like clavulanic acid?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the inactivation of beta-lactams by blocking the active site of beta-lactamase.

Question 20

Vancomycin and teicoplanin are examples of which class of antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glycopeptides

Antibacterial Therapies and Mechanisms

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