Question 1

What is the primary method used in this study to achieve long-term HIV-1 remission?

Accepted Answer

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)

Question 2

What specific genetic mutation in the stem cell donor conferred resistance to CCR5-tropic HIV-1?

Accepted Answer

CCR5Δ32/Δ32

Question 3

What was the age of the patient when he achieved off-treatment HIV remission, 5 years after HSCT?

Accepted Answer

63 years old

Question 4

What hematological condition was the patient treated for with HSCT?

Accepted Answer

Myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 5

How long after HSCT was antiretroviral therapy (ART) discontinued in this patient?

Accepted Answer

24 months

Question 6

What was detected in the patient's blood or gut biopsies 48 months after HSCT?

Accepted Answer

No intact HIV DNA

Question 7

Which anatomical site is identified as the primary viral reservoir for HIV?

Accepted Answer

Gut

Question 8

What does 'full donor chimerism' mean in the context of HSCT?

Accepted Answer

Complete replacement of recipient cells with donor cells

Question 9

What was the outcome of the quantitative viral outgrowth assay (qVOA) performed on the patient's CD4+ T cells 48 months post-HSCT?

Accepted Answer

No replication-competent viruses were detected

Question 10

What was observed regarding HIV-specific T cell responses in the patient after HSCT?

Accepted Answer

Absent HIV-specific T cell responses

Question 11

What trend was observed in the patient's HIV antibody responses over time post-HSCT?

Accepted Answer

Waning antibody responses

Question 12

Which of the following was NOT a complication experienced by the patient post-HSCT?

Accepted Answer

Viral rebound of HIV

Question 13

What drug was used to treat the patient's acute GvHD and has also been discussed as potentially blocking HIV replication?

Accepted Answer

Ruxolitinib

Question 14

What is a significant finding regarding donor chimerism in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) of this patient?

Accepted Answer

Full donor chimerism was achieved in GALT

Question 15

The study mentions that the CCR5Δ32 gene variant occurs most frequently in which region?

Accepted Answer

Northern Europe

Question 16

What is a major limitation of allogeneic HSCT as a scalable strategy for HIV cure?

Accepted Answer

Significant procedure-related mortality

Question 17

The study found that intact proviral HIV DNA was undetectable in the patient's peripheral blood CD4+ T cells 48 months post-HSCT. What was detected?

Accepted Answer

Traces of total HIV DNA

Question 18

What assay was used to assess intact proviral HIV DNA?

Accepted Answer

ddPCR (cross-subtype intact proviral DNA assay)

Question 19

Which of the following HIV proteins were targeted in the western blot analysis for antibody responses?

Accepted Answer

Env, Gag, and Pol

HIV-1 Remission Through Stem Cell Transplant

More Flashcards Study Sets