Question 1

In what year did James Watson and Francis Crick publish their seminal paper describing the double-helix structure of DNA in the journal *Nature*?

Accepted Answer

1953

Question 2

The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming is often cited as occurring in which year?

Accepted Answer

1928

Question 3

Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, published his groundbreaking work on pea plant inheritance in which decade?

Accepted Answer

1860s

Question 4

The approximate number of genes in the human genome is estimated to be:

Accepted Answer

20,000-25,000

Question 5

Which year marked the first successful synthesis of urea from inorganic compounds by Friedrich Wöhler, challenging vitalism?

Accepted Answer

1828

Question 6

The first complete DNA sequencing of a free-living organism was achieved for *Haemophilus influenzae* in which year?

Accepted Answer

1995

Question 7

In 1901, Carl Correns, Erich von Tschermak, and Hugo de Vries independently rediscovered Mendel's laws. What was the name of the journal Correns published his findings in?

Accepted Answer

Botanisches Centralblatt

Question 8

The bacterium *Escherichia coli* (E. coli) has a genome size of approximately how many base pairs?

Accepted Answer

4.6 million

Question 9

Who is credited with coining the term 'ecology' in 1866?

Accepted Answer

Ernst Haeckel

Question 10

The process of fermentation, where yeast converts sugars to alcohol in the absence of oxygen, was extensively studied by Louis Pasteur. In which decade did he publish his major work on this topic?

Accepted Answer

1860s

Question 11

The ABO blood group system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in which year?

Accepted Answer

1901

Question 12

The human body contains approximately how many different types of cells?

Accepted Answer

100-200

Question 13

In what year did the first successful in-vitro fertilization (IVF) baby, Louise Brown, arrive?

Accepted Answer

1978

Question 14

The electron microscope, which revolutionized cell biology, was invented by Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll in which year?

Accepted Answer

1932

Question 15

What is the approximate number of cells in the human body?

Accepted Answer

100 trillion

Question 16

The discovery of the structure of antibodies (immunoglobulins) was largely attributed to the work of Rodney Porter and Gerald Edelman, for which they shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1972. In which year did Porter publish his initial findings on antibody structure?

Accepted Answer

1960

Question 17

The enzyme luciferase, responsible for bioluminescence in fireflies, was first isolated and characterized by E.N. Harvey in the:

Accepted Answer

1930s

Question 18

The human genome project was formally launched in which year?

Accepted Answer

1990

Question 19

Who developed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993?

Accepted Answer

Kary Mullis

Question 20

The approximate percentage of water in a typical human body by mass is:

Accepted Answer

65-75%

Advanced Life Science Trivia

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