Questions & Answers
Browse all 18 questions from the
Foundations of Genetic Genealogy study set below.
Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.
1
Which molecule carries the genetic instructions used in the growth and development of all living organisms?
-
A
RNA
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B
DNA
-
C
Protein
-
D
Lipid
2
What are the rod-shaped structures in the nucleus of a cell that contain DNA?
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A
Chromosomes
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B
Ribosomes
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C
Mitochondria
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D
Lysosomes
3
How many pairs of chromosomes do most humans typically have in their cells?
4
Which type of DNA is passed down almost exclusively from mothers to their children?
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A
Nuclear DNA
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B
Mitochondrial DNA
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C
X-linked DNA
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D
Y-chromosomal DNA
5
Which sex chromosome is typically found in males but not in females?
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A
X chromosome
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B
Y chromosome
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C
Z chromosome
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D
W chromosome
6
What is the term for a specific segment of DNA that acts as a unit of heredity?
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A
Nucleotide
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B
Genome
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C
Gene
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D
Cell
7
Approximately what percentage of DNA do all humans share?
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A
50%
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B
75%
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C
99.9%
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D
25%
8
In genetic terms, what are the different versions of the same gene called?
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A
Alleles
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B
Proteins
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C
Traits
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D
Mutations
9
Which process involves the passing of genetic information from parents to offspring?
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A
Mutation
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B
Heredity
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C
Evolution
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D
Adaptation
10
What is the scientific name for the complete set of genetic material in an organism?
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A
Phenotype
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B
Genome
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C
Genotype
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D
Chromosome
11
Which substance forms the 'rungs' of the DNA double helix ladder?
-
A
Sugars
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B
Nitrogenous bases
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C
Phosphates
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D
Proteins
12
What is the observable physical characteristic of an individual resulting from their genetic makeup?
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A
Genotype
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B
Phenotype
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C
Allele
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D
Mutation
13
Through which process do children receive half of their nuclear DNA from each biological parent?
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A
Mitosis
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B
Meiosis
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C
Cloning
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D
Fission
14
Which nitrogenous base always pairs with Adenine in a DNA molecule?
-
A
Guanine
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B
Cytosine
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C
Thymine
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D
Uracil
15
What is the term for an alteration in the DNA sequence?
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A
Mutation
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B
Replication
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C
Expression
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D
Translation
16
What determines the unique order of nitrogenous bases in an individual's DNA?
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A
Environment
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B
Genetic code
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C
Diet
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D
Age
17
Which branch of science focuses specifically on the study of heredity and variation in organisms?
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A
Geology
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B
Genetics
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C
Physics
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D
Chemistry
18
What structure is famously described as a 'double helix'?
-
A
Protein
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B
RNA
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C
DNA
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D
Carbohydrate
