About this Study Set
This study set covers Psychology through
12 practice questions.
Explore factual insights into animal cognition, nature's impact on human psychology, and classic behavioral studies. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.
Questions & Answers
Browse all 12 questions from the
Animals, Nature, and Environmental Psychology study set below.
Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.
1
What psychological phenomenon, named after a German horse, refers to animals or humans responding to subtle, involuntary physical cues from an observer?
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A
Hawthorne effect
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B
Clever Hans effect
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C
Pygmalion effect
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D
Barnum effect
2
Developed by Gordon Gallup Jr. in 1970, what test is widely used in comparative psychology to measure visual self-awareness in animals?
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A
Mirror self-recognition test
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B
Open-field test
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C
Morris water maze test
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D
Radial arm maze test
3
Proposed by biologist E. O. Wilson, the biophilia hypothesis suggests that human psychology includes an innate urge to do what?
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A
Migrate seasonally to temperate climates
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B
Dominate other animal species for survival
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C
Affiliate with nature and other forms of life
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D
Fear dark and enclosed environmental spaces
4
Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov discovered the principles of classical conditioning while measuring which physiological response in dogs?
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A
Heart rate changes
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B
Pupil dilation
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C
Salivation
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D
Brainwave patterns
5
B.F. Skinner conducted extensive research on operant conditioning using a specialized chamber with which bird species trained to peck illuminated keys?
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A
Pigeons
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B
Crows
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C
Parrots
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D
Canaries
6
Ethologist Konrad Lorenz demonstrated that newly hatched goslings rapidly attach to the first moving object they encounter during a critical period, a process called:
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A
Shaping
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B
Imprinting
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C
Habituation
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D
Sensitization
7
According to Attention Restoration Theory in environmental psychology, spending time in natural settings helps recover from exhaustion of which cognitive state?
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A
Directed attention
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B
Divided attention
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C
Involuntary attention
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D
Emotional empathy
8
Harry Harlow's experiments with infant rhesus monkeys revealed that attachment formation relies primarily on which factor rather than simple feeding?
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A
Food provision
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B
Contact comfort
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C
Visual novelty
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D
Auditory feedback
9
Gestalt psychologist Wolfgang Köhler studied chimpanzees on Tenerife and observed problem-solving through sudden understanding rather than trial-and-error, a concept known as:
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A
Latent learning
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B
Insight learning
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C
Classical extinction
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D
Observational conditioning
10
Comparative psychologist Irene Pepperberg worked extensively with Alex, an African grey parrot, demonstrating that Alex could perform which cognitive task?
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A
Comprehend abstract concepts like shape, color, and number
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B
Recite human literature from memory
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C
Solve complex differential calculus equations
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D
Navigate mazes using echolocation
11
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a form of depression linked to reduced natural sunlight during autumn and winter, is commonly treated with which non-pharmacological intervention?
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A
Light therapy
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B
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
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C
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
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D
Biofeedback therapy
12
The physiological reduction in stress hormones like cortisol in humans during positive interactions with companion animals is often described in psychology as part of:
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A
The Pygmalion effect
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B
The Pet effect
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C
The Stroop effect
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D
The Flynn effect
