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Chemical Examination of Urine
Medical Laboratory Science
This document outlines various chemical tests performed on urine, including their principles, applications, and interpretation of results. It covers tests for protein, sugars, bilirubin, ketones, and urobilinogen, along with discussions on interferences and quality control.
Urinalysis
Clinical Chemistry
Diagnostic Tests
30 Questions
Medium
Ages 16+
Aug 30, 2026
About this Study Set
This study set covers Medical Laboratory Science through
30 practice questions.
This document outlines various chemical tests performed on urine, including their principles, applications, and interpretation of results. It covers tests for protein, sugars, bilirubin, ketones, and urobilinogen, along with discussions on interferences and quality control. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.
Questions & Answers
Browse all 30 questions from the
Chemical Examination of Urine study set below.
Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.
1
Which urine parameters are reported qualitatively, except for pH and SG?
-
A
Protein and Glucose
-
B
Bilirubin and Ketones
-
C
All parameters are reported qualitatively
-
D
Urobilinogen and Ketones
2
How is 'TRACE' reported for urine tests?
-
A
Negative
-
B
Positive
-
C
+/-
-
D
TRACED
3
What is the normal range for urobilinogen in mg/dL?
-
A
0.2 to 1.0
-
B
1.0 to 2.0
-
C
0.0 to 0.2
-
D
Greater than 1.0
4
What is considered an abnormal concentration of urobilinogen?
-
A
Less than 0.2 mg/dL
-
B
Exactly 1.0 mg/dL
-
C
Greater than 1.0 mg/dL
-
D
0.2 to 1.0 mg/dL
5
Which of the following is NOT a learning outcome for the chemical examination of urine session?
-
A
Identify tests for protein, sugars, bilirubin, ketones, and urobilinogen.
-
B
Explain the principles behind the tests.
-
C
Analyze how these tests support reagent strip testing.
-
D
Perform venipuncture for urine collection.
6
Ascorbic acid is known to interfere with which reagent strip parameters by causing false negatives?
-
A
Glucose and Blood
-
B
Nitrite and Bilirubin
-
C
Leukocyte, Glucose, Blood, Nitrite, and Bilirubin
-
D
Ketones and Urobilinogen
7
What is the detection limit for ascorbic acid in reagent strip testing?
-
A
10 mg/dL
-
B
20 mg/dL
-
C
5 mg/dL
-
D
50 mg/dL
8
Which of the following tests is used for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy?
-
A
Heat and Acetic Acid Test
-
B
Sulfosalicylic Acid Precipitation Test
-
C
Microalbumin Test
-
D
Microalbumin-Creatinine Ratio
9
In the Micral Test for microalbumin, a darker bottom band indicates what result?
-
A
Positive
-
B
Borderline
-
C
Negative
-
D
High concentration
10
What is the principle behind the ImmunoDip Test for microalbumin?
-
A
Heat precipitation
-
B
Chemical reaction with nitroprusside
-
C
Immunochromatography
-
D
Reduction of copper sulfate
11
The Albumin:Creatinine Ratio is computed by an analyzer using which two pads?
-
A
Albumin and Glucose pads
-
B
Albumin and Creatinine pads
-
C
Creatinine and Bilirubin pads
-
D
Albumin and Ketone pads
12
Which test involves adding 3 mL of 3% SSA to 3 mL of urine, performed on centrifuged specimens?
-
A
Heat and Acetic Acid Test
-
B
Sulfosalicylic Acid (SSA) Test
-
C
Cold Precipitation Test
-
D
Microalbumin Test
13
The Heat and Acetic Acid Test is used to detect what in urine?
-
A
Protein
-
B
Ketones
-
C
Reducing Sugars
-
D
Bilirubin
14
Which test uses Seliwanoff's Reagent (Fructose Resorcinol Test) to detect reducing sugars?
-
A
Galactose Mucic Acid Test
-
B
Rubner's Test
-
C
Fructose Resorcinol Test
-
D
Benedict's Test
15
Hereditary Fructose Intolerance is associated with a deficiency in which enzyme?
-
A
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase
-
B
Galactokinase
-
C
Aldolase B (F1P Aldolase)
-
D
Lactase
16
The Mucic Acid Test (Nitric Acid) is used to detect which reducing sugar?
-
A
Fructose
-
B
Galactose
-
C
Lactose
-
D
Glucose
17
Galactosemia Type I is associated with a deficiency of which enzyme?
-
A
Galactokinase
-
B
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase
-
C
Aldolase B
-
D
Lactase
18
Rubner's Test (Lead Acetate + NH4OH) is used to detect which reducing sugar?
-
A
Fructose
-
B
Galactose
-
C
Lactose
-
D
Glucose
19
Which test is based on Benedict's Test principle and detects reducing sugars?
-
A
Clinitest
-
B
Acetest
-
C
Ictotest
-
D
Watson-Schwartz Test
20
What is the reaction occurring in Benedict's Test (and Clinitest)?
-
A
Oxidation of reducing sugar by copper sulfate
-
B
Reduction of copper sulfate to cuprous oxide with alkali and heat
-
C
Reaction of diazo salt with reducing sugar
-
D
Precipitation of protein by SSA
21
The 'Pass-through Phenomenon' in Clinitest involves the color changing from orange back to green-brown, indicating what?
-
A
Low concentration of reducing substances
-
B
High concentration of reducing substances
-
C
Presence of protein
-
D
Absence of reducing substances
22
Which test is a tablet nitroprusside reaction utilized for urine samples that are highly pigmented?
-
A
Ictotest
-
B
Acetest
-
C
Clinitest
-
D
Watson-Schwartz Test
23
What is the primary purpose of lactose and glycine in the Acetest tablet?
-
A
To detect ketones
-
B
To improve color differentiation
-
C
To act as a catalyst
-
D
To precipitate protein
24
Which test is a confirmatory test for bilirubin and contains p-nitrobenzenediazonium-p-toluenesulfonate?
-
A
Acetest
-
B
Ictotest
-
C
Clinitest
-
D
Hoesch Test
25
The Ictotest tablet can detect bilirubin at concentrations as low as:
-
A
0.05 to 0.1 mg/dL
-
B
0.1 to 0.2 mg/dL
-
C
0.2 to 0.5 mg/dL
-
D
Greater than 0.5 mg/dL
26
Which test differentiates urobilinogen from porphobilinogen by exploiting their solubility in chloroform and butanol?
-
A
Hoesch Test
-
B
Watson-Schwartz Test
-
C
Blondheim's Test
-
D
Prussian Blue Stain
27
According to the Watson-Schwartz Test, urobilinogen is soluble in both chloroform and butanol, while porphobilinogen is:
-
A
Soluble in both
-
B
Soluble in chloroform but not butanol
-
C
Insoluble to both chloroform and butanol
-
D
Insoluble to butanol but soluble to chloroform
28
The Hoesch Test is used to screen for which substance, indicated by the appearance of a red color?
-
A
Urobilinogen
-
B
Porphobilinogen
-
C
Hemosiderin
-
D
Myoglobin
29
What is the approximate detection limit of the Hoesch Test for porphobilinogen?
-
A
2 mg/dL
-
B
5 mg/dL
-
C
10 mg/dL
-
D
20 mg/dL
30
Which of the following is NOT listed as a reference for urinalysis and body fluid analysis?
-
A
Fundamentals of Urine & Body Fluid Analysis 5th Edition by Brunzel
-
B
Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods 22nd Edition by McPherson and Pincus
-
C
Urinalysis and Body Fluids 7th Edition by Strasinger
-
D
The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy
