EL 105 Complete Exam Reviewer

Linguistics

This reviewer covers key topics in linguistics, including first vs. second language acquisition, branches of linguistics, domains of language use, code-switching, and world Englishes.

Language Linguistics Sociolinguistics

20 Questions Easy Ages 16+ Aug 22, 2026

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About this Study Set

This study set covers Linguistics through 20 practice questions. This reviewer covers key topics in linguistics, including first vs. second language acquisition, branches of linguistics, domains of language use, code-switching, and world Englishes. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.

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Browse all 20 questions from the EL 105 Complete Exam Reviewer study set below. Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.

1 What is the primary characteristic of a First Language (L1) learned from birth until the critical period?

A Learned consciously and with effort
B Requires study, instruction, and practice
C Learned subconsciously and effortlessly
D Can be chosen by the individual

2 Which of the following is a key difference between L1 and L2 acquisition?

A L1 is acquired consciously, L2 is learned naturally
B L1 is a personal choice, L2 is a birthright
C L1 is learned naturally with no choice, L2 is acquired consciously with personal choice
D L1 requires study, L2 is learned effortlessly

3 In Microlinguistics, what does Phonetics focus on?

A Word formation
B Sentence structure
C Speech sounds: production, transmission, reception
D Contextual meaning

4 What is the focus of Psycholinguistics within Macrolinguistics?

A Language and society
B Language processing in the brain
C Language and mind: acquisition, comprehension, production
D Computer processing of human language

5 According to Fishman's Domains of Language Use, what factors influence language choice?

A Topic, Setting, Participants
B Participants, Setting, Topic
C Setting, Topic, Participants
D Participants, Topic, Setting

6 In the context of Diglossia, what kind of situations is the High Variety (H) typically used in?

A Everyday situations: home, market, friends
B Formal situations: lectures, news, literature
C Casual talk with friends
D Learning at home

7 What is Diglossia defined as?

A The ability to speak multiple languages
B Alternating between languages in conversation
C Borrowing words within one sentence
D Two varieties of the same language used in different situations

8 What does 'Code' refer to in the context of code-switching and code-mixing?

A A computer program
B Any language, dialect, or variety used by a group
C A specific grammatical rule
D A formal writing style

9 Which type of code-switching involves switching between languages within a single sentence?

A Inter-sentential
B Tag / Extra-sentential
C Intra-sentential
D Phonological adaptation

10 Code-mixing is characterized by:

A Alternating between full sentences of different languages
B Borrowing words within one sentence without changing topic; informal
C Switching between languages between sentences
D Using a short tag from another language

11 Which of the following is NOT a reason for code-switching or code-mixing?

A No exact word available
B Easier to express
C To strictly adhere to monolingualism
D Convey intimacy

12 What is the difference between 'World English' and 'World Englishes'?

A World English is the study of different varieties, World Englishes is the global language
B World English is English as a global language for business/diplomacy, World Englishes are the different varieties worldwide
C There is no difference; they are interchangeable terms
D World English refers to American English, World Englishes refers to British English

13 What is the first stage in the Nativization Continuum of how English spreads?

A Induction
B Customization
C Diffusion
D Native Recognition

14 Which branch of Microlinguistics deals with word formation and breaking words into their smallest meaningful units?

A Phonology
B Syntax
C Semantics
D Morphology

15 What does Pragmatics, a branch of Microlinguistics, focus on?

A The literal meaning of words
B The structure of sentences
C The contextual meaning based on situation and speaker
D The organization of speech sounds

16 In Macrolinguistics, what does Neurolinguistics study?

A How social factors shape language use
B Language processing in the brain and language disorders from brain injury
C How connected speech creates meaning
D Using linguistics to solve real-world problems

17 What is 'Discourse Analysis' in Macrolinguistics concerned with?

A The formation of words
B The meaning of individual words
C How connected speech or text creates meaning beyond single sentences
D The rules of sentence structure

18 What is the primary characteristic of a Second Language (L2) in contrast to L1?

A Learned subconsciously
B Learned without conscious effort
C Learned after L1, consciously and with effort
D Cannot be chosen

19 Which of the following is typically the language spoken at home and is considered a person's most comfortable/native language?

A Second Language (L2)
B A chosen language
C First Language (L1)
D A formal language

20 The study of how speech sounds are organized and function in a language falls under which branch of Microlinguistics?

A Phonetics
B Semantics
C Phonology
D Syntax

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