About this Study Set
This study set covers Volcanology through
18 practice questions.
Learn about the fundamental concepts of volcanology, perfect for young explorers. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.
Questions & Answers
Browse all 18 questions from the
Volcano Basics study set below.
Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.
1
What is molten rock called when it is beneath the Earth's surface?
-
A
Lava
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B
Ash
-
C
Magma
-
D
Pyroclastic flow
2
What is the name for molten rock that erupts from a volcano onto the Earth's surface?
-
A
Magma
-
B
Sediment
-
C
Lava
-
D
Crater
3
Which of these is a common gas released by volcanoes?
-
A
Oxygen
-
B
Hydrogen
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C
Carbon Dioxide
-
D
Nitrogen
4
What is the opening at the top of a volcano called?
-
A
Vent
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B
Caldera
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C
Crater
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D
Cone
5
Volcanoes are most often found near what geological features?
-
A
River deltas
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B
Ocean trenches and tectonic plate boundaries
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C
Vast deserts
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D
Large lakes
6
What is the term for a volcanic eruption that sprays ash, rock fragments, and gases into the air?
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A
Lava flow
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B
Subduction
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C
Explosive eruption
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D
Magmatic intrusion
7
Which type of volcano is typically cone-shaped with steep sides and is built from layers of lava and ash?
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A
Shield volcano
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B
Cinder cone volcano
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C
Stratovolcano (Composite volcano)
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D
Lava dome
8
What is a large, basin-shaped volcanic depression, often formed by a major eruption or collapse of a volcano?
-
A
Crater
-
B
Vent
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C
Caldera
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D
Maar
9
What are hot, fast-moving clouds of gas and volcanic matter called?
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A
Lahar
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B
Pyroclastic flow
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C
Volcanic bomb
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D
Tephra
10
Which famous volcano erupted in 79 AD, burying the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum?
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A
Mount Fuji
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B
Mount Vesuvius
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C
Mount Kilimanjaro
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D
Mount Rainier
11
What are rock fragments ejected during a volcanic eruption called?
-
A
Sediment
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B
Tephra
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C
Scoria
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D
Pumice
12
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by volcanoes erupting from what type of geological feature?
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A
A mid-ocean ridge
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B
A subduction zone
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C
A hot spot
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D
A rift valley
13
Which of these is NOT a form of tephra?
-
A
Ash
-
B
Volcanic bombs
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C
Lava
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D
Cinders
14
What is the process called when tectonic plates move apart, allowing magma to rise to the surface?
-
A
Subduction
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B
Collision
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C
Divergent boundary
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D
Transform fault
15
What is the name for a mudflow on the slope of a volcano, typically caused by rapid melting of snow or ice by a volcanic eruption?
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A
Pyroclastic flow
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B
Lava flow
-
C
Lahar
-
D
Volcanic gas
16
What is the main driving force behind most volcanic activity?
-
A
Wind erosion
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B
Tectonic plate movement
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C
Ocean currents
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D
Earth's magnetic field
17
Which is the most abundant gas released during volcanic eruptions?
-
A
Helium
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B
Sulfur dioxide
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C
Water vapor
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D
Methane
18
What type of volcano is generally flat and broad with gently sloping sides, formed by effusive eruptions of fluid lava?
-
A
Stratovolcano
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B
Cinder cone
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C
Shield volcano
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D
Caldera
