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Foundations of Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

A historical overview of the key figures and experiments that established the field of cognitive psychology.

history science psychology

12 Questions Easy Ages 12+ Apr 15, 2026

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This study set covers Cognitive Psychology through 12 practice questions. A historical overview of the key figures and experiments that established the field of cognitive psychology. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.

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1 Who is often referred to as the father of scientific psychology and opened the first psychology laboratory in 1879?

A Wilhelm Wundt
B William James
C Sigmund Freud
D John Watson

2 Which 1956 paper by George Miller argued that the capacity of human short-term memory is limited to about seven items?

A The Cognitive Manifesto
B The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
C Principles of Psychology
D The Structure of Behavior

3 What movement in the 1950s and 1960s shifted the focus of psychology back to mental processes, away from strict behaviorism?

A The Cognitive Revolution
B The Psychoanalytic Shift
C The Humanistic Wave
D The Biological Turn

4 Which researcher is famous for their work on the forgetting curve, demonstrating how memory fades over time?

A Hermann Ebbinghaus
B B.F. Skinner
C Ivan Pavlov
D Jean Piaget

5 Who wrote the influential 1967 book titled 'Cognitive Psychology,' which helped define the field?

A Ulric Neisser
B Noam Chomsky
C Alan Turing
D Herbert Simon

6 In 1957, which linguist published 'Syntactic Structures,' challenging the behaviorist view that language is learned purely through reinforcement?

A Noam Chomsky
B Edward Tolman
C George Miller
D Jerome Bruner

7 What is the name of the early 20th-century school of psychology that emphasized that the whole of human experience is greater than the sum of its parts?

A Gestalt psychology
B Structuralism
C Functionalism
D Behaviorism

8 Which scientist is credited with developing the concept of 'cognitive maps' through his experiments with rats in mazes?

A Edward Tolman
B Clark Hull
C Ivan Pavlov
D John Watson

9 Alan Turing proposed a test in 1950 to determine if a machine could exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to a human. What is this test called?

A The Turing Test
B The Intelligence Quotient Test
C The Cognitive Assessment
D The Machine Logic Exam

10 Which field, emerging in the mid-20th century, provided a framework for cognitive psychologists to model the mind like a computer?

A Information Theory
B Social Darwinism
C Quantum Mechanics
D Molecular Biology

11 In 1932, who published 'Remembering,' which introduced the concept of 'schemas' in memory?

A Frederic Bartlett
B William James
C Gordon Allport
D Solomon Asch

12 Which Swiss psychologist is world-renowned for his stage theory of cognitive development in children?

A Jean Piaget
B Lev Vygotsky
C Erik Erikson
D Carl Jung

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