Advanced Oceanographic Milestones

Oceanography

A collection of challenging, fact-based questions concerning the history, measurements, and numerical data of global oceanography.

science geography marine-science

8 Questions Hard Ages 16+ Apr 12, 2026

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About this Study Set

This study set covers Oceanography through 8 practice questions. A collection of challenging, fact-based questions concerning the history, measurements, and numerical data of global oceanography. Every question includes the correct answer so you can learn as you go — pick any format above to get started.

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Browse all 8 questions from the Advanced Oceanographic Milestones study set below. Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.

1 In what year did the HMS Challenger expedition complete its historic four-year voyage, effectively founding modern oceanography?

A 1872
B 1876
C 1880
D 1884

2 The Challenger Deep, the deepest surveyed point in the Earth's oceans, is located within the Mariana Trench at approximately what maximum depth?

A 9,440 meters
B 10,935 meters
C 11,520 meters
D 12,100 meters

3 Which scientist is credited with publishing the 'General Theory of the Tides' in 1775, providing the first mathematical analysis of tidal movements?

A Pierre-Simon Laplace
B Matthew Fontaine Maury
C William Whewell
D Isaac Newton

4 The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the only current that flows completely around the globe; approximately how many million cubic meters of water per second (Sverdrups) does it transport?

A 50-70
B 100-150
C 200-250
D 300-350

5 In 1960, the bathyscaphe Trieste reached the bottom of the Challenger Deep; who were the two individuals aboard during this record-breaking dive?

A Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh
B Sylvia Earle and James Cameron
C Robert Ballard and David Gallo
D William Beebe and Otis Barton

6 Approximately what percentage of the total volume of the Earth's hydrosphere is contained within the World Ocean?

A 72.5%
B 84.2%
C 96.5%
D 99.1%

7 The 'Great Ocean Conveyor Belt' (thermohaline circulation) is estimated to take approximately how many years for a single parcel of water to complete a full global cycle?

A 100-200 years
B 500-800 years
C 1,000-1,500 years
D 2,500-3,000 years

8 Who was the lead scientist aboard the USS Glomar Challenger in 1968 who provided definitive evidence for seafloor spreading through Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Leg 1?

A Harry Hess
B Maurice Ewing
C Walter Pitman
D Drummond Matthews

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