Questions & Answers
Browse all 25 questions from the
Human Body and Health: Basic Science Facts study set below.
Each question shows the correct answer — select a study format above to practice interactively.
1
Which blood component is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body?
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A
Platelets
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B
White blood cells
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C
Plasma
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D
Red blood cells
2
What is the main function of the alveoli in the lungs?
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A
Producing digestive enzymes
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B
Filtering waste products from the blood
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C
Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
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D
Storing energy as glycogen
3
The human heart is divided into how many chambers?
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A
Two
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B
Three
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C
Four
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D
Six
4
Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?
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A
Vitamin C
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B
Vitamin K
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C
Vitamin D
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D
Vitamin A
5
What is the largest organ in the human body?
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A
Brain
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B
Liver
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C
Skin
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D
Heart
6
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for balance and coordination?
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A
Cerebrum
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B
Cerebellum
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C
Brainstem
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D
Hypothalamus
7
What is the primary role of the pancreas in the digestive system?
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A
Producing bile
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B
Absorbing nutrients
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C
Secreting digestive enzymes and insulin
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D
Breaking down fats
8
The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called:
-
A
Respiration
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B
Transpiration
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C
Photosynthesis
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D
Fermentation
9
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
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A
Neuron
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B
Mitochondrion
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C
Ribosome
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D
Synapse
10
Which mineral is essential for strong bones and teeth?
-
A
Iron
-
B
Potassium
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C
Calcium
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D
Sodium
11
What is the scientific term for the process of breathing in and out?
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A
Digestion
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B
Circulation
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C
Respiration
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D
Metabolism
12
Which of the following is a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections?
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A
Erythrocyte
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B
Thrombocyte
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C
Lymphocyte
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D
Osteocyte
13
The small intestine is the primary site for what process?
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A
Water absorption
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B
Protein synthesis
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C
Nutrient absorption
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D
Waste elimination
14
What is the main function of antibodies?
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A
Carrying oxygen
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B
Clotting blood
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C
Identifying and neutralizing foreign substances
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D
Producing hormones
15
Which type of muscle is found in the walls of internal organs like the stomach and intestines?
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A
Skeletal muscle
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B
Cardiac muscle
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C
Smooth muscle
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D
Voluntary muscle
16
What is the outermost layer of the skin called?
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A
Dermis
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B
Epidermis
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C
Hypodermis
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D
Melanin
17
Which part of the ear is responsible for converting sound vibrations into nerve impulses?
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A
Outer ear
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B
Eardrum
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C
Ossicles
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D
Cochlea
18
What is the main energy currency of the cell?
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A
DNA
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B
RNA
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C
ATP
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D
Glucose
19
The process by which cells break down glucose to release energy is known as:
-
A
Anabolism
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B
Catabolism
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C
Photosynthesis
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D
Fermentation
20
Which organ filters waste products and excess fluid from the blood to produce urine?
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A
Liver
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B
Spleen
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C
Kidneys
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D
Bladder
21
What is the genetic material found in the nucleus of most living cells?
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A
Protein
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B
Lipid
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C
Carbohydrate
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D
DNA
22
Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
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A
Thyroxine
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B
Adrenaline
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C
Insulin
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D
Estrogen
23
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
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A
Fighting infection
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B
Transporting oxygen
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C
Clotting blood
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D
Producing antibodies
24
The sclera is the white, outer layer of which human organ?
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A
Liver
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B
Eye
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C
Brain
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D
Stomach
25
What is the substance that gives skin, hair, and eyes their color?
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A
Collagen
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B
Keratin
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C
Melanin
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D
Elastin
